The prefecture of Trikala is located in the north-west of the Region of Thessaly and it  consists of 26 Local Authorities, of which  23 are Municipal Apartments and 3 are Extended Mountainous Communities. It borders in the west with the Prefectures of Arta and Ioannina, in the North with the prefectures of Grevena, in the Easte with the prefecture of Larissa and in the South with the prefecture of Karditsa. The prefecture of Trikala has an extent of 3.389 km2 and is the second in extent, after the Prefecture of Larissa, constituting the 24,1% of the extent of Thessaly and the 2,56% of the country.

The territory of Trikala is mostly mountainous, with all the elements of mountainous landscape, such as abrupt scales, intense snowfalls and sparse population. The altitude of the total Prefecture exceeds the 200m, in certain regions in fact it is higher than 2.000m (region of Pindos). The mountainous and non-mountainous extents occupy the 8/10 of the prefecture. The flatland extends in 555,7 Km2, the non-mountainous in 378 Km2 and the mountainous in 2.440 Km2. Because of his geomorphology, the biggest percentage of the Prefecture is covered with forests(30%) or by pasture lands (42%) and only the 20% consists of agricultural extents, while the rest 8% are various other forms (settlements 3,51% aquatic extents 1,66% and remaining extents 3,30%). The pasture lands cover a big percentage of the total extent of the Prefecture, which in their majority are mountainous (forestal).

Beech, oak, the fir and the pine are the forestal types that are encountered mainly in the Prefecture, while the produced timber is considered as one of the best in our country.

The Main mountains of the Prefecture of Trikala are Tzoymerka or Athamanika (2.429m) and Lakmos or Peristeri (2.295m) , that separate the Prefecture from the Prefectures of Arta and Ioannina  respectively, the mountain range of N.Pindos (2.148m), Koziakas (1.901 m.m),  Chasia(1.554m) and Zarko mountains. The central, southern and Eastern department of the Prefecture is flatland. The most mountainous region is the Western, where the Athamanika and southern Pindos are located. In the north-west of the Prefecture the Diaselo (nape) of Katara or Zygos can be found, which unites Thessaly with Epirus. The Prefecture is characterized by the famous rocks of Meteoron, which are situated between the terms of Antichasia, Chasia and Koziaka, North from Kalabaka. 

The unique flatland region of the Prefecture expands to the South-eastern department of it and constitutes an expansion and a part of the big plain of Thessaly.

The main rivers that flow through the Prefecture of Trikala are Acheloos in the west and Pineios. Tributaries of Acheloos are Kamnaitikos and Bathyrrema. Tributaries of Pineios are Lithaios or Trikaliotikos, Koymerkis and Ntoleritis. Other small rivers are Malakasiotikos and Moyrgkani.

The climate of the Prefecture of Trikala is temperate.  Winter is very cold, with many snowfalls in the mountains and summer is very hot, because of the absence of sea. The continuous snow that covers certain regions of the Prefecture during winter, has as a result the boost of activities regarding winter tourism.